What are the advantages and disadvantages of a fibre optic. Structure and working of the optical fiber, optical fiber communication process, types of optical fibers. An optical fiber is a cylindrical dielectric waveguide made of lowloss materials such as silica glass. Wavelengthdivision multiplexing wavelengthdivision multiplexing wdm is the practice of multiplying the available capacity of optical fibers through use of parallel channels, each channel on a dedicated wavelength of light. In order to specify the characteristics of optical fibres and systems operating with optical amplifiers and the wdm technique, many new recommendations were developed in itut. An optical fibre consists of a very thin core of high purity glass. The use of optical fiber for wiredbased digital communication has been preferred over electrical cabling or copperbased wires because of numerous advantages. Here you can download the optical fiber communication vtu notes pdf ofc pdf vtu of as per vtu syllabus. Optical fibers have largely replaced copper wire communications in core networks in the developed world, because of its advantages over electrical transmission. Fibre advantages optical fiber benefits advantages of optical fiber communication.
Jan 25, 2020 optical fibers are thread like structure made of glass and plastic in which light travel by total internal reflection. It is also important to highlight the fact that the advantages of fiber optics stem from the advantages of optical fiber. The large amount of information that can be transmitted per unit of optical fiber cable is its most significant advantage. Total internal reflection critical angle, using snells law. Communication networks in case of coaxial cables and twisted cable the maximum. Fiber optics has many advantages over copper wire see table 1 including. The first transatlantic telephone cable with optical fibre in 1988. Optical fiber uses light pulses to transmit information, like fiber patch cable, it has single mode fiber optic cable and multimode optical fiber.
These wavelengths were chosen because they best match the transmission properties of. The optical is free from base rust making them ideal choice under or upper the ground surface. However, in the long run, optical fiber will replace copper. It has a central core in which the light is guided, embedded in an outer cladding of slightly lower refractive index fig.
Optical fibres are less expensive than copper wires. Home optical fiber communication note for optical fibre communication ofc by sunil s. Single mode fiber this form of optical fibre is the type that is virtually exclusively used these days. Optical fibers are used most often as a means to transmit light between the two ends of the fiber and find wide usage in fiberoptic communications. The cladding is less dense than the core and has a lower refractive index.
Optical fiber is the technology associated with data transmission using light pulses traveling along with a long fiber which is usually made of plastic or glass. A fiber optic cable can contain a varying number of these glass fibers from a few up to a couple hundred. Coating has an outside diameter of either 250 or 500. Optical fibres or optical fibers can also be split into single mode fibre, and multimode fibre. It is important to note that an optical source with a power input of 1 mw. With numerous vendors swarm to compete for the market share, optical cable price. Optical fiber optical transmission modes advantages and disadvantages of optical fiber by dinesh thakur category. Optical fibers are used most often as a means to transmit light between the two ends of the fiber and find wide usage in fiber optic. The optical receiver it receives the transmitted light pulse signal and decodes them to be fit to use. Cheaplong, continuous miles of optical fiber cable can be made cheaper than equivalent. In this tutorial, the advantages and disadvantages of fiber optic transmission will be explored in details. Fiber optics, which is the science of light transmission through very fine glass or plastic fibers, continues to be used in more and more applications due to its inherent advantages over copper conductors.
It is important to note that all above quantities depend both on. Optical fiber is smaller and lighter than copper wire. In this report we discuss about the optical fiber and its advantages, theory and principles of the fiber optics, fiber geometry, types of optical fiber, different parameters and characteristics of fiber are also explained. Synthetic fibres do not depend either on an agricultural crop as cotton, flax and jute do, or on animal farming as silk and wool do. Light getting in at one end undergoes repeated total internal reflection, even. It protects the optical fibre from shocks and other external damages. But this can be increased by several orders of magnitude if information is carried as light pulses down an optical fibre. The core is covered by a second layer cladding also made from high purity glass.
The optical regenerator necessary for long distance data transmission. Aug 09, 2018 driven by the rising demand for higher bandwidth and faster speed connections for a variety of industrial and residential purposes, fiber optic transmission using optical fiber is becoming more and more common in modern society. Note that great accuracy is necessary to align two single mode fibres in which. Optical fibres the critical angle and optical fibres. The fiber sensor can be either an intrinsic oneif the modulation takes place directly in the fiber or extrinsic, if the modulation is performed by some external transducer as depicted in fig. I trust that this manual will be a useful guide for those looking to take advantage of. It has also made its presence widely felt within the data networking community as well. Synthetic fibres have many advantages over natural fibres.
Fiber optical communications r17a0418 lecture notes b. Nov 22, 2015 an optical fiber or optical fibre is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass silica or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair. The advantages and disadvantages of optical fiber fiber. Optical fiber refers to the medium and the technology which is related, or you can say that it is connected with the transmission of information in the form of light impulses and this transmission is done along with a glass or plastic wire or fiber. Wavelengthdivision multiplexing wavelengthdivision multiplexing wdm is the practice of multiplying the available capacity of optical. Page 1 introduction fiber optics deals with the light propagation through thin glass fibers. Fiber optic cable has both advantages and disadvantages.
Historical development, general system, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of optical fiber communication, optical fiber waveguides, ray theory, cylindrical fiber no derivations in article 2. In todays network, fiber optic cable becomes more popular than before and is widely used. The advantages and disadvantages of optical fiber cables over. Immunity to electromagnetic interference and tapping. Note for optical fibre communication ofc by sunil s harakannanavar. Some of the basic properties of multimode optical fibers are listed below. Its function is to guide visible and infrared light over long distance. If youre looking for a free download links of fiber optic communications 5th edition pdf, epub, docx and torrent then this site is not for you. Light emitting diodes leds or laser diodes lds emit light waves at the source, which is read by a detector at the other end.
Mention of both single mode fiber and multimode fiber is often seen in the literature. They work on the principle of total internal reflection. Optical communication notes pdf oc notes pdf starts with the topics covering overview of optical fiber communication historical development, the general system, advantages of optical fiber communications, optical fiber wave guides introduction, ray theory transmission etc. Com, as a leading optics supplier, provides all kinds of optical fiber cables with high quality and low price for your option. Light losses in fibres fibre is a transparent cylinder made of a dielectric. Information can be carried by radio waves transmitted down coaxial cables at a rate of about 10 7 bits per second. The amount of information that can be transmitted per. Advantagesdisadvantages of fiber optic advantages syedur. What is fiber optics optical fibre and how does it work.
These notes contain material from the following source. Here are the advantages and disadvantages of optical fiber cable. Fibre optics modes electromagnetic waves propagating in an optical fiber consist of. Optical fiber consists of thin glass fibres or plastic or any dielectric medium which can carry light signals from one end to the other. Using fibre optic cable, optical communications have enabled telecommunications links to be made over much greater distances and with much lower levels of loss in the transmission. An optical fiber is a thin, flexible, transparent fiber that acts as a. Fibre optic communication has revolutionised the telecommunications industry. The optical fibre the medium for transmitting the light pulse signal.
Advent of laser in 1960s, but didnt work for optical communication due to attenuation problem in 1964 critical theoretical suggestion by, charles k. It offers low power loss it is immune to electromagnetic interference optical fibers. Jul 14, 2017 optical fiber in communication lecture on optical fiber includes. Advantages of optical fiber cable linkedin slideshare. It was first explored in 1996 at university of bath, uk. The schematic idea of the optical fiber transmission is shown in fig. The amount of information that can be transmitted per unit time of fiber over other transmission media is its most significant advantage. Principles of optical fiber communications tutorialspoint. You hear about fiberoptic cables whenever people talk about the telephone system, the cable tv system or the internet. Abstract the intended application of our different types of dispersions in an optical fiber.
A typical pointtopoint fiber optic communication network consists of a transmitter laser, a transport medium optical fiber. Installation guide for optical fibre cable edition 05. The advantages and disadvantages of optical fiber fs community. Download fiber optic communications 5th edition pdf ebook. Cheaplong, continuous miles of optical fiber cable can be made cheaper than equivalent lengths of copper wire. Optical fiber optical transmission modes advantages and. Fiber optics, or optical fiber, refers to the medium and the technology associated with the transmission of information as light pulses along a glass or plastic strand or fiber. Advantages and disadvantages of synthetic fibres notes pdf ppt. Thin glass or plastic threads used to transmit data using light waves are called optical fibre. Optical fiber communication system higher bandwidth extremely.
Fiber optic cables have a much greater bandwidth than metal cables. Optical communication pdf notes oc pdf notes smartzworld. The basic components are light signal transmitter, the optical fiber, and the photo detecting receiver. Communication networks in case of coaxial cables and twisted cable the maximum signal frequency, and hence the information rate that can be transmitted using a solid conductor is limited. The advantages and disadvantages of optical fiber fs. What are the advantages and disadvantages of optical fiber cable. Note that there are natural dips in the attenuation. Basics of fiber optics mark curranbrian shirk fiber optics, which is the science of light transmission through very fine glass or plastic fibers, continues to be used in more and more applications due to its inherent advantages over copper conductors.
An optical fiber is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass silica or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair. Coating is colour less but to identify the coating in some applications it is coloured. The fiber which are used for optical communication are wave guides made of transparent dielectrics. Sep 04, 2018 the use of optical fiber for wiredbased digital communication has been preferred over electrical cabling or copperbased wires because of numerous advantages. Advantages of optical fibre very wide bandwidth compared to metallic transmission lines, i. Most common material used in fibres is fused silica amorphous sio. An optical fiber or optical fiber is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass silica or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair. The optical fibers have greater information carrying capacities than metallic conductors.
The information can be carried by the radio waves transmitted down coaxial cables at a rate of about 107 bits per second, but this can be increased by several orders of magnitude if the information is carried as light pulses down an optical fibre. The optical fibre is a device which works on the principle of total internal reflection by which light signals can be transmitted from one place to another with a negligible loss of energy. Due to these advantages the fiber optic is used in field of telecommunication. Note for optical fibre communication ofc by sunil s.
Photoniccrystal fiber pcf is a class of optical fiber based on the properties of photonic crystals. Remember, for total internal reflection to occur the light rays must travel from a dense medium to a less dense medium. Some of the applications of the fiber optic in telecommunication system are given below. The first itut handbook related to optical fibres, optical fibres for telecommunications, was published in 1984, and several others have been produced over the years. This is the main protective layer for the entire optical fibre. Jul 12, 2017 an optical fiber or fiber optic cable is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass, which are used most often as a means to transmit light between the two ends of the fiber and find wide. Introduction, historical development, general system, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of optical fiber communication, optical fiber waveguides, ray theory, cylindrical fiber no derivations in article 2. The optical fiber communication is relatively soft way to send the data, means that fiber optic cable cannot be tapped and data cannot be stolen from it. An optical fiber is a long thin strand of impurityfree glass used as a transport medium for data. Dec 27, 2019 optical fiber communication notes ppt optical fiber structure, working, types, benefits, losses. The optical fiber cables are cheaper to transport and easier to install than metal cables. Optical fiber communication vtu notes pdf ofc pdf vtu sw.
The purpose of this article is to provide the nontechnical reader with an overview of. What are the fiber optic cable advantages and disadvantages. The advantages and disadvantages of fiber optic transmission. Advantages of fiber optic cable optical fiber cable supports extremely high bandwidth and speed. Ece 445 optical fiber communications lecture 01 introduction. The important properties of photodetectors are small size, economy, long life, low power. Here are the main advantages of fiber optic transmission. An optical fiber or optical fibre is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass silica or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair. An optical fiber is a hair thin cylindrical fiber of glass or any transparent dielectric medium. Optical fibre cable has a bundle of such threads or fibres bundled together in a protective covering. An optical fiber is a thin, flexible, transparent fiber that acts as a waveguide, or light pipe, to transmit light between the two ends of the fiber. Optical fibers are widely used in fiber optic communications. Helical eh and he modes contain both axial electric and magnetic fields.
The fiber optics is superior to metallic conductors as a tn line for signals because of its high bands width, low attenuation, interference, low cots and light in weight. In this tutorial, the advantages and disadvantages of fiber optic transmission will be explored in detail. For long range communication system the loss limit was set to 20 dbkm was dbkm or higher at that time. Optical fibres are thinner than copper wires allowing more fibres to be bundled together in. An optical fibre is a thin rod of highquality glass. The additional elements such as fiber and cable splicers and connectors, regenerators, beam splitters, and optical amplifiers are employed to improve the performance of the communication system. Because of its ability to confine light in hollow cores or with confinement characteristics not possible in conventional optical fiber, pcf is now finding applications in fiberoptic communications, fiber lasers, nonlinear devices, high. No other cablebased data transmission medium offers the bandwidth that fiber. Multimode optical fiber has a number of advantages. Because of these advantages, you see fiber optics in many industries, most notably telecommunications and computer networks. For example, if you telephone europe from the united states or vice versa and the signal is bounced off a communications satellite, you often hear an echo on the line. Fiber optic transmission technology usually, a fiber optic communication system consists of three main components. Advantages and disadvantages of fiber optics profolus. As it has a wider diameter than single mode fibre it can capture light from the light source and pass it to the receiver with a high level of efficiency.
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